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Pashtun seamen and steelworkers were settling in Britain by 1919; the 2021 census counted 48,705 Pashto speakers in England and Wales, most in Birmingham and Bradford, and 84,877 Afghan-born people in England.

Pashtuns in North America came mostly as refugees after 1979 and since the evacuation of 2021; the United States counted 22,760 Pashto speakers in 2009 to 2013 and Canada 23,185 Pashto mother-tongue speakers in 2021.

The first Pashto film, Laila Majnoon, came out in 1941; the industry began in earnest with Yousaf Khan Sherbano in December 1970. Pashtun critics blame its fall from the early 1990s on vulgarity, and most Peshawar cinemas have since closed.