Dilazak

In Dorn's translation of the Makhzan-i Afghani, Kodi had seven sons by two wives, and Dilazak and Ourak were born of one mother. Dilazak had two sons, Lori and Yacoob. Lori had four, Amandkhail, Bachizye, Vattakzye and Omarkhail, and Yacoob had seven, Mandarzye, Amizye, Sanizye, Matizye, Khidarzye, Yasinkhail and Manizye. The Khulasat al-Ansab places the Dilazaks in the Duabeh of Bajaur and Sammah, which it calls the Takht Uljabal of the Yusufzyes, until the Yusufzyes expelled them and they went to Hindostan, leaving only a small number in the Hezareh district belonging to Attok.

Colonial writers doubted the genealogy. Bellew wrote that the Dalazak were said to be a Turk tribe in the following of Mahmud of Ghazni or his father Sabuktagin, though more likely a clan of the Scythians. Ibbetson, in Rose's Glossary, put them among the Jat and Scythic tribes that crossed the Hindu Kush in the fifth and sixth centuries, noted that they are now classed as Kodai Karlanri, and added that Bellew thought the name of Buddhist origin. The Pathans themselves, Rose records, often call the Dilazak Hindkis, as having come from India. Caroe sets out the genealogies and says the Dilazaks remain a mystery, but that Babur refers to them more than once and calls them Afghans.^1,2,4,5,7

پر دې ولاړ: دودیزې شجرې · استعماري اسناد · نوې څېړنې

Rose gives the Dilazak as the first Afghan tribe to enter the Peshawar valley. The Akhund Darweza says they came into Nangarhar from the west and moved on eastwards before the time of Timur. In the valley they allied with the Shalmanis, who were subject to the Sultan of Swat, and put down or drove out the tribes already there. Their country ran from the Jinde river to the Kalapani and the hills of Swat, and all the land from Bajaur to the Indus, north of the Kabul river and south of it as far as the Afridi hills, was Dilazak territory when the Khashi Pathans arrived. Bellew has the Dalahzak seizing the district, then called Bagram after its capital, from the Raja of Lahore, and sending a contingent with Mahmud of Ghazni against Somnath. Caroe notes that Bellew and others say they embraced Islam in Mahmud's time.

The Khashi Pathans, driven from their seats near Kabul by Ulugh Beg, asked the Dilazaks for help and were given the Shabkadr Doaba, the land between the two rivers. The Yusufzai and Mandar settled there, and pushed on into Bajaur, where they met the Umr Khel Dilazaks of the Chaudhwal valley and killed their chief Malik Haibu.^3,5,7

پر دې ولاړ: استعماري اسناد · نوې څېړنې

Rose's account of the fall follows the Pathan chronicles. In 1519 the Gagiani brought Babur into Hashtnagar against the Dilazaks, and the Yusufzai and Mandar left them to fight it out. The Dilazaks overthrew the Gagiani, which roused the jealousy of the Mandar chief Malik Ahmad, who formed a Khashi confederacy. In a great battle in the Guzar Bud, between Katlang and Shahbazgarhi, the Dilazaks were defeated with heavy loss. Ahmad's son Khan Kaju let the Dilazak women cross the Indus and later married the daughter of the Dilazak chief; Rose adds that this sealed the political downfall of the tribe. By 1534, Rose says, the Khalils, in alliance with Mirza Kamran, held the country from Dhaka to Attock and the Khyber and Karappa passes.

Caroe repeats the Khan Kajju story, in which the Dilazak chief begged him on the Indus bank to hold back his men so that the women could cross, and Kajju answered that they were Afghans like themselves. Caroe doubts that the whole population shifted. He suggests the chroniclers may have meant the Khataks, who are also Karlanri, and that the Dilazaks may be merged in the Ghoria Khel tribes around Peshawar. Today, he writes, there is more than one village called after them in the Daudzai tract north of Peshawar.^3,7

پر دې ولاړ: استعماري اسناد · نوې څېړنې

Bellew has the Yusufzai quarrel with the Dalazak over a watercourse and drive them across the Kabul and Swat rivers to their capital at Kot Kapura, also called Langar Kot, and then across the Indus into Chach Hazara. Ibbetson says the Dilazak made incessant efforts to recover their land, and finally, as a cause of disorder, the emperor Jahangir deported them in a body and scattered them over the Indian peninsula. Bellew agrees, and puts a small colony of their descendants in the Dholpur state and others in Central India and the Deccan. Ibbetson's own dates differ: on p. 256 he writes of the Yusufzai and Mohmand driving them across the Indus in the first half of the 13th century, but he writes elsewhere that they were expelled about the middle of the 16th.

The Gazetteer of the Hazara District (1907) calls them a small tribe of 2,534 souls but once a very important one. It says they were driven out of Afghanistan in the time of Babur and Humayun and settled in Hazara and the Chach tract of Attock, where their raids led later emperors to remove them further into Hindustan. The Hazara Dilazaks held a few villages on the Haripur plain, east of Haripur, with their head-quarters at Serai Saleh. Their leading man was Ahmad Khan, who had just succeeded his father Elahi Bakhsh Khan. In the gazetteer's list of tribes notified as agricultural the Dilazaks are named separately, though it says they might have been included with the Pathans.^4–6

پر دې ولاړ: استعماري اسناد