1815
First published reference
Mountstuart Elphinstone's account of the Kabul kingdom gives the earliest published reference to the jirga, according to the Encyclopaedia Iranica.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders
Chronology
Every milestone from published articles in one list. Filter by subject, and open the article behind each one.
152 milestones
These milestones name a period but no exact date, so they are listed last.
1815
Mountstuart Elphinstone's account of the Kabul kingdom gives the earliest published reference to the jirga, according to the Encyclopaedia Iranica.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders
c. 1609–1611
Nimatullah of Herat compiles the Makhzan-i Afghani at Jahangir's court, recording the genealogy from Qais Abdur Rashid.
From the article: Origins of the Pashtuns: tradition and evidence
1979
The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan starts the first major wave of Afghan refugees into Pakistan.
August 1982
According to the BBC's Pashto service, its broadcasts began in August 1982.
From the article: Pashtuns today: cities, migration, diaspora and media
1520s
Born in Jalandhar; sources differ between about 1521 and 1525.
From the article: Religion among Pashtuns: Islam, Sufism and the Roshaniyya
1829
Bernhard Dorn publishes the first part of his English translation as History of the Afghans in London.
From the article: Origins of the Pashtuns: tradition and evidence
1711
Rahman writes an elegy responding to an armed clash within the Mohmand tribe, discussed in a 2021 study.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
c. AD 60–225
Peshawar, as Purushapura, serves as capital of the Kushan empire.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
1921
Afghan governments begin convening national Loya Jirgas, about twelve of which were held by 2008 according to M. Jamil Hanifi.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders
May 1879
Yakub Khan accepts a British envoy in Kabul and British control of Afghan foreign affairs.
From the article: Malalai of Maiwand: heroine of the Battle of Maiwand
2012
Haber and colleagues publish a Y-chromosome study of Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara and Uzbek men in PLoS ONE.
From the article: Origins of the Pashtuns: tradition and evidence
1533
Born, probably in Buner, to a family long settled among the Yusufzai.
From the article: Religion among Pashtuns: Islam, Sufism and the Roshaniyya
1998
Pakistan's census records about 1.2 million Pashto speakers in Karachi, according to Dawn.
From the article: Pashtuns today: cities, migration, diaspora and media
1964
The two houses of the Afghan parliament are renamed the Wolesi Jirga and the Meshrano Jirga.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders
1862
Henry George Raverty includes selections of Rahman's poetry in A Selection from the Poetry of the Afghans.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
7th century AD
The Chinese pilgrim describes the great stupa of Kanishka near the city.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
2021
About 48,700 residents of England and Wales give Pashto as their main language.
From the article: Pashtuns today: cities, migration, diaspora and media
c. 1552–1554
Darweza becomes a disciple and later a deputy of Pir Baba.
From the article: Religion among Pashtuns: Islam, Sufism and the Roshaniyya
June 2002
An emergency Loya Jirga in Kabul forms a transitional government, and Hamid Karzai is sworn in as president.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders
1641
A Mughal caravanserai is built at Gor Khuttree.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
November 1929
A wider, nonviolent organisation, the Servants of God, is formed and soon becomes the main body.
From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement
1994
The shrine complex at Hazarkhwani, Peshawar, is completed.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
April 1881
The final British-Indian troops leave Afghanistan, with Abdur Rahman established as emir.
From the article: Malalai of Maiwand: heroine of the Battle of Maiwand
c. 1670
The mosque is believed to have been completed under Aurangzeb.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
1838–1842
The Sikh-era governor converts Gor Khuttree and adds a Shiva temple.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
2015
A documentary retells how Malala Yousafzai was named after Malalai of Maiwand.
From the article: Malalai of Maiwand: heroine of the Battle of Maiwand
2012
The rebuilt complex, costing Rs39 million, reopens to the public.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
June 1948
Bacha Khan is sentenced to three years' imprisonment and the organisation is banned.
From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement
1909
D. B. Spooner uncovers the reliquary casket at the presumed site of Kanishka's stupa.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city
2002
Professor Ihsan Ali begins large-scale excavations.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city