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Chronology

The archive, in order of time.

Every milestone from published articles in one list. Filter by subject, and open the article behind each one.

Subject

152 milestones

1900–1999
1. 4 May – 3 June 1919
  Third Anglo-Afghan War
  A short, undeclared war ends in a ceasefire on 3 June.
  From the article: The three Anglo-Afghan wars, 1839–1919
2. 8 August 1919
  Treaty of Rawalpindi
  Britain accepts Afghanistan's right to conduct its own foreign affairs.
  From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929
3. 1 April 1921
  Anjuman-e-Islah-ul-Afaghina
  Bacha Khan and associates found a society for social reform, education and the Pashto language.
  From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement

22 November 1921

Treaty of Friendship

Afghanistan and Britain agree to open legations in each other's capitals, after the 1919 peace ended British control of Afghan foreign affairs.

From the article: The three Anglo-Afghan wars, 1839–1919

1923

First constitution

Afghanistan's first constitution is promulgated (9 April 1923 according to one source; 1924 in another).

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

1924–1925

Mangal revolt

The Mangal of Paktia revolt against the reforms.

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

June 1926

Amanullah takes the title shah

Amanullah replaces the title amir with shah.

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

November 1928

Shinwari revolt

A minor revolt of the Shinwari spreads into a general uprising in eastern Afghanistan.

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

1929

Amanullah in Kandahar

King Amanullah, after abdicating, tries to rally Durrani support in Kandahar and leaves for India in April 1929.

From the article: Kandahar: an oasis city and its long history

14 January 1929

Amanullah abdicates

Amanullah abdicates in favour of his half-brother and flees to Kandahar; Habibullah Kalakani takes Kabul the next day.

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

19 April 1929

Ghilzai attack at Ghazni

An attack by the Ghilzai at Ghazni forces King Amanullah to abandon his march on Kabul.

From the article: The Ghilzai: a major Pashtun confederation

19 April 1929

Halt at Ghazni

An attack by the Ghilzai at Ghazni forces Amanullah to give up his march on Kabul.

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

1 September 1929

Zalmo Jirga announced

The Anjuman's members form a youth league.

From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement

23 April 1930

Qissa Khwani Bazaar killings

Troops fire on protesters in Peshawar after leaders are arrested. Casualty estimates differ widely.

From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement

1931

Kabul journal and Literary Society

The Literary Society in Kabul begins publishing the monthly journal Kabul, later switched to Pashto.

From the article: Pashto literature and oral poetry: from the Roshani writers to the landay

1937

Pashto Academy founded

The Pashto Academy (Pashto Tolana) is created in Kabul.

From the article: Pashto literature and oral poetry: from the Roshani writers to the landay

3–4 September 1947

Loyalty pledge to Pakistan

The Khudai Khidmatgar and affiliated bodies meet in Peshawar and pledge loyalty to the new state.

From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement

1958

Ashoka's inscription discovered

A bilingual Greek and Aramaic inscription of the emperor Ashoka is found near the Qaytul ridge.

From the article: Kandahar: an oasis city and its long history

21 September 1961

Death in Italy

Amanullah dies in exile (21 September 1961 according to Poullada; 1960 according to Balland).

From the article: Amanullah Khan: independence, reform and the crisis of 1929

1963

Jalalabad medical school founded

The city's medical school opens.

From the article: Jalalabad: the valley between Kabul and the Khyber

20 January 1988

Death

Dies in Peshawar and is buried at his home in Jalalabad, Afghanistan.

From the article: Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement

1996–2001

Taliban ban on music

Drums and other music are banned, which affects the singing of landays.

From the article: Pashto literature and oral poetry: from the Roshani writers to the landay

2000–2099

5 March 2009
Shrine bombed
Explosives damage the mausoleum and grave in the early hours. No one is killed.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
June 2013
Poetry magazine landay issue
Poetry magazine devotes its June issue to landays collected by Eliza Griswold and Seamus Murphy.
From the article: Pashto literature and oral poetry: from the Roshani writers to the landay
16 January 2019
Pakistan Supreme Court judgment
The court rules that jirgas and panchayats may not act as courts but may mediate civil disputes where both parties consent.
From the article: The jirga: the Pashtun council of elders

No exact date

These milestones name a period but no exact date, so they are listed last.

1632 or 1653
Birth (date disputed)
One modern account gives 1632 for his birth in Bahadur village, Hazarkhwani, near Peshawar; Dawn has given 1653.
From the article: Rahman Baba: the Pashto Sufi poet
1502
Birth of Syed Ali Tirmidhi (Pir Baba)
Born in Qunduz; he later settled among the Yusufzai in Buner.
From the article: Religion among Pashtuns: Islam, Sufism and the Roshaniyya
November 1878
British-Indian invasion
Three British-Indian columns invade Afghanistan, opening the Second Anglo-Afghan War.
From the article: Malalai of Maiwand: heroine of the Battle of Maiwand
1893
Durand Line drawn
Sir Mortimer Durand draws the boundary between British India and Afghanistan, accepted by the Amir of Afghanistan the same year.
From the article: The Pashtun lands: mountains, rivers and passes
c. 4th century BC
Earliest excavated layers
Gor Khuttree excavations reach levels dated by archaeologists to the 4th century BC and earlier.
From the article: Peshawar: a short history of an ancient city

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