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Periods

Pashtun history, period by period.

Eight periods from the earliest records to today. Each brings together the dated events, articles and places of its time.

  1. to 1450Early recordsلومړني اسنادThe earliest written records of the Afghans and the Pashto-speaking lands, from the Persian geography Hudud al-Alam of 982, which first names the Afghans, to the eve of Afghan rule in Delhi.2 events · 2 articles
  2. 1451–1555Lodi and Sur sultansلودي او سوري سلطانانAfghan dynasties ruled the Delhi sultanate. Bahlul Lodi took Delhi in 1451; Babur defeated the Lodis in 1526, and Sher Shah Suri drove the Mughal Humayun out of India in 1540. Sur rule ended in 1555.13 events · 5 articles
  3. 1526–1707The Mughal frontierد مغلو سرحدUnder the Mughal emperors the Pashtun hills were a frontier. These years saw the Roshani movement of Pir Roshan, the Yusufzai defeat of Akbar's army in 1586 and Khushal Khan Khattak's war against Aurangzeb from 1672.19 events · 8 articles
  4. 1709–1738The Hotak dynastyهوتکي واکمنيIn 1709 Mir Wais Hotak, chief of the Hotak Ghilzai, took Kandahar from the Safavids. His son Mahmud captured Isfahan in 1722, and Hotak rule ended when Nadir Shah took Kandahar in 1738.15 events · 4 articles
  5. 1747–1826The Durrani Empireدراني واکمنيA jirga of chiefs near Kandahar chose Ahmad Shah Durrani king in 1747. He and his Sadozai successors ruled from Kandahar and then Kabul until the Barakzai displaced them.9 events · 4 articles
  6. 1826–1919Barakzai rule and the Anglo-Afghan warsبارکزي واکمني او د انګرېز-افغان جګړېDost Mohammad Khan made himself master of Kabul in 1826. Britain invaded Afghanistan in 1839 and 1878, Abdur Rahman ruled from 1880 to 1901, and the Durand Line was agreed in 1893.46 events · 12 articles
  7. 1919–1973Independence and the kingdomخپلواکي او پاچاهيAmanullah Khan won Afghanistan's full independence in 1919, and the monarchy lasted until 1973. Across the border Bacha Khan's Khudai Khidmatgar campaigned against British rule, and Pakistan was founded in 1947.25 events · 8 articles
  8. 1973 to todaySince 1973له ۱۹۷۳ راهیسېFrom the end of the Afghan monarchy in 1973 to the present: war, migration and the Pashtun communities of Afghanistan and Pakistan today.10 events · 5 articles