1709
Hotak revolt in Kandahar
A Ghilzai uprising led by Mir Wais frees southern Afghanistan from Safavid control.
From the article: The Ghilzai: a major Pashtun confederation
1709–1738
The Hotak dynasty
هوتکي واکمني
In 1709 Mir Wais Hotak, chief of the Hotak Ghilzai, took Kandahar from the Safavids. His son Mahmud captured Isfahan in 1722, and Hotak rule ended when Nadir Shah took Kandahar in 1738.
What happened
1700–1799
1709
Uprising in Kandahar
Gorgin Khan is killed and Ghilzai Afghans under Mir Wais free southern Afghanistan from Safavid control.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
1709
Hotak revolt
Mir Wais Hotak overthrows Safavid rule in Kandahar.
From the article: Kandahar: an oasis city and its long history
1709
Mir Wais frees Kandahar
The Hotak chief Mir Wais kills the Safavid governor Gorgin Khan and ends Persian rule at Kandahar.
From the article: Pashtun history: from the first records to the present
October 1711
Safavid army retreats
A Safavid force under Kaykhosrow is forced to retreat from Kandahar; Kaykhosrow and many soldiers are killed.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
1713
Mir Wais takes Zamindawar
Mir Wais extends his territory to the Helmand valley province of Zamindawar.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
1715
Death of Mir Wais
Mir Wais dies; his brother Abd al-Aziz briefly succeeds him.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
1722
Fall of Isfahan
Ghilzai forces under Mahmud Hotak take the Safavid capital.
From the article: The Ghilzai: a major Pashtun confederation
8 March 1722
Battle of Gulnabad
The Afghan army defeats a larger Safavid army at Gulnabad, near Isfahan.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
23 October 1722
Isfahan surrenders
Mahmud Hotak takes the Safavid capital after a six-month siege.
From the article: Pashtun history: from the first records to the present
23 October 1722
Isfahan falls
After a six-month siege the Safavid capital surrenders to Mahmud Hotak.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
26 April 1725
Ashraf becomes shah
Ashraf, Mahmud's cousin, takes the throne at Isfahan.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
October 1727
Treaty with the Ottomans
An Ottoman–Afghan treaty recognises Ashraf as shah of Persia.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
29 September 1729
Defeat at Mehmandust
Nader's army defeats Ashraf near Damghan, beginning the collapse of Afghan rule in Persia.
From the article: The Hotak dynasty: Ghilzai rule from Kandahar to Isfahan, 1709–1738
1738
Nader Shah takes Kandahar
The last Ghilzai ruler of Kandahar surrenders and many Ghilzai are deported to Mazandaran.
From the article: The Ghilzai: a major Pashtun confederation